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Bizic et al. Plast Aesthet Res 2020;7:43 Plastic and
DOI: 10.20517/2347-9264.2020.80 Aesthetic Research

Review Open Access

Metoidioplasty as a one-stage phallic reconstruction
in transmen

Marta Bizic , Borko Stojanovic , Marko Bencic , Noemi Bordas , Miroslav Djordjevic 1,2
1,2
1,2
2
2,3
1 Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11000, Serbia.
2 Belgrade Center for Urogenital reconstructive Surgery, Belgrade 11000, Serbia.
3 Department of Urology, Kiskunhalasi Semmelweis Kórház, Kiskunhalas 6400, Hungary.
Correspondence to: Dr. Marta Bizic, Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Tirsova 10, Belgrade
11000, Serbia. E-mail: martabizic@uromiros.com
How to cite this article: Bizic M, Stojanovic B, Bencic M, Bordas N, Djordjevic M. Metoidioplasty as a one-stage phallic
reconstruction in transmen. Plast Aesthet Res 2020;7:43. http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2347-9264.2020.80.
Received: 17 Apr 2020 First Decision: 18 May 2020 Revised: 7 Jun 2020 Accepted: 19 Jun 2020 Published: 15 Aug 2020

Academic Editors: Marlon E. Buncamper, Stan J. Monstrey Copy Editor: Cai-Hong Wang Production Editor: Jing Yu

Abstract
Gender dysphoria is a condition where there is a discrepancy between the gender assigned at birth and the
desired gender, leading the patient to pursue surgical intervention. Reconstruction of the neophallus for transmen
is still challenging, even though there are many surgical techniques with satisfying results. The aim of neophallic
reconstruction in gender affirmation surgery (GAS) for transmen is to provide stand-up voiding, erotic sensation,
orgasm and penetration ability, and acceptable donor site morbidity with minimal scarring and complications.
Metoidioplasty as a variant of phalloplasty for transmen is a one-stage procedure that results in male-like external
genitals, with minimal scarring, ability of standing micturition, and full erogenous sensation with the ability to
achieve orgasm during sexual intercourse. Metoidioplasty is a method of choice for those transmen who wish to
have GAS in one procedure without multi-staged procedures to create the adult-male-sized neophallus.

Keywords: Clitoris, gender affirmation surgery, metoidioplasty, neophallus, genital reconstruction, transmen

INTRODUCTION
Gender affirmation surgeries usually represent the final step in the transition process of an individual
suffering from gender dysphoria. Genital reconstructive surgeries, known as “bottom surgeries”, are
performed according to Standards of Care (SOC) of the World Professional Association for Transgender
Health (WPATH): they require two letters of recommendation by two board certified mental health

© The Author(s) 2020. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use,
sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, for any purpose, even commercially, as long
as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license,
and indicate if changes were made.

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