Page 94 - Read Online

Wang et al. Plast Aesthet Res 2018;5:10 I http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2347-9264.2017.90 Page 5 of 10

Table 1. Facial animal models
Allo-transplantation Approach Graft Regimen References
Primate Mismatched donor to recipient Heterotopic Mandibular OMC ATG (10 to 20 mg/kg/day) induction with [7]
M. fascicularis monkey tacrolimus (0.2 to 0.1 mg/kg/day) and
rapamycin (0.05 incresased to 0.2 mg/kg/day)
maintenance
Swine Pig autotransplant Orthotopic Le-Fort-based No immunosuppression [8]
maxilloface
Sheep N/A N/A Hemifacial and auricle N/A [9]
Canine Mongrel to Beagle dog Orthotopic Hemiface and scalp CSA (6-18 mg/kg/day) and steroid [10]
methylprednisolone (4-8 mg/kg/day)
Canine Mismatched donor to recipient Orthotopic Hemiface and scalp Tacrolimus 2 mg/kg/day for 7 days [11]
Beagle dog
Canine Mismatched donor to recipient Orthotopic Hemiface CSA (4 mg/kg/day) [12]
Beagle dog
Canine Mismatched donor to recipient Orthotopic Mandibular hemijoint Tacrolimus 1 mg/kg/day maintenance [13]
Beagle dog
Rabbit NZB to NZW Orthotopic Facial and scalp No immunosuppression [14]
Rat BN to LEW Orthotopic Mystacial pad CSA 16 mg/kg on POD 1-14, 13 mg/kg on POD [15]
15-80, then 10 mg/kg maintenance
Rat BN to LEW Orthotopic Face and scalp CSA 16 mg/kg/day, tapered to 2 mg/kg in 4 [16]
weeks and maintained
Rat LEW syngeneic Heterotopic Hemiface with mandible No immunosuppression [17]
and Tongue
Rat BN to LEW Orthotopic Auricle CSA 16 mg/kg/day for [18]
2 weeks and tapered to 8 mg/kg/day for 2
weeks
Rat BN to LEW Orthotopic Hemifacial with Tacrolimus 8 mg/kg/day, tapered to [19]
mystacial region 2 mg/kg/day in 4 weeks
Rat BN to Wistar Orthotopic Hemiface CSA 16 mg/kg/day for 7 days, tapered to 2 [20]
mg/kg/day for 23 days
Rat BN to LEW Orthotopic Auricle CSA 16 mg/kg/day in first week, tapered to [21]
8 mg/kg/day and maintained for 2 weeks, then
4 mg/kg maintained
Rat LEW syngeneic Orthotopic Ear No immunosuppression [22]
Rat Lew-BN to Wistar-Lew Orthotopic Mystacial pad Tacrolimus 6 mg/kg/day in first week, tapered [23]
to 4 mg/kg/day in second week, then
2 mg/kg/day maintained
Rat Lew-BN to LEW Orthotopic Hemiface with ear and CSA 16 mg/kg/day in first week, tapered to [24]
scalp 2 mg/kg/day over 4 weeks and maintained
Rat BN to LEW Orthotopic Hemiface and scalp CSA 8 mg/kg on POD 1-2, 6 mg/kg on POD 3-6, [25]
and 4 mg/kg on POD 7-30, 2 mg/kg on POD 31-42
heterotopic
Murine BALB/c to B6 Orthotopic Myocutaneous No immunosuppression [26]
hemiface
Murine BALB/c to B6 Orthotopic Ear No immunosuppression [27]
NZW: New Zealand White; NZB: New Zealand Black; BN: Brown Norway; LEW: Lewis; B6: C57BL/6; CSA: cyclosporin A; ATG: anti-thymocyte
globulin; OMC: osteomyocutaneous; POD: postoperative day; N/A: not available

Table 2. Abdominal wall animal models
Allo-transplantation Approach Graft Regimen References
Rat BN to LEW Orthotopic Hemi-abdominal ALS 2.5 mg induction, each CSA 16, 10 and 5 [28]
mg/kg/day for 10 days
Rat BN to LEW Orthotopic Total abdominal wall Tacrolimus 0.5 mg/kg/day maintained [29]
Rat BN to LEW Orthotopic and Hemi-abdominal with ALS 2.5 mg induction, CSA 16 mg/kg/day for [30]
6
heterotopic hindlimb 10 days and 3 doses of ADSC (2 × 10 )
BN: Brown Norway; LEW: Lewis; CSA: cyclosporin A; ALS: antilymphocyte serum; ADSC: adipose-derived stem cell

the unique response directed against vascularized composite allotransplantations. Two swine models were
reported with the use of gracillis myocutaneous flaps and fasciocutaneous flap transfers. One study had no
immunosuppression and another had total body radiation with cyclosporin A maintenance therapy. One
study utilized the transfer of the rectus abdominus myocutaneous flaps in syngeneic beagles without any
immunosuppression as a model. One study utilized a combination of heart transplantation with an abdominal