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Burke et al. Plast Aesthet Res 2022;9:48 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2347-9264.2022.26 Page 3 of 9
Figure 1. Intraoperative creation of multiple RPNIs. (A-D) Intraoperative dissection of median, ulnar, and radial nerves. (E) This patient
underwent implantation of six RPNIs, two each for the radial nerve, median nerve, and ulnar nerve. RPNI: Regenerative peripheral nerve
interface.
Figure 2. Histologic evidence of axonal regeneration and synaptogenesis within the RPNI. (A) Reinnervating axons stained green using
anti-neurofilament 200. (B) Neuromuscular junctions stained red using fluorescent alpha-bungarotoxin conjugates. RPNI: Regenerative
peripheral nerve interface.
demonstrated that the RPNI is a reliable and stable peripheral nerve interface that facilitates signal
transduction of efferent motor action potentials into large-amplitude CMAPs, with high SNRs and minimal
signal contamination, over long periods of time.
Initial rodent RPNI experiments provided the foundation for studies in nonhuman primates using rhesus
macaques who were trained to perform specific cued finger movements . RPNIs were created in these
[6]
