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Page 4 of 13 Parra et al. Mini-invasive Surg 2024;8:16 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2574-1225.2024.01

Figure 1. Renal pedicle after ascending dissection.

Figure 2. Renal tumor marking with laparoscopic scissors.

tumorectomy, ischemia time and CKD. The combination of terminologies found 67 related articles, being
30 the final number of papers selected for this work. Studies with the highest level of evidence and
significance to the debated topics were selected with the agreement of the authors.

RESULTS
A total of 148 patients were operated on in the time described, most of whom were male (68.2%). The
average age was 62.4 [standard deviation (SD) 1.7], with a Charlson index of 3 [interquartile range (IQR) 1-
4] and a body mass index of 28.2 (SD 4.8). The 52% tumors were on the left kidney, and the R.E.N.A.L.
score was 6 on average (IQR 5-8).

Intraoperative complications were observed in 8.1% of cases, most of which involved bleeding from a major
artery or vein (7.4%), which in all cases led to conversion to open surgery. Postoperative complications
occurred in 23.6% of cases, with the majority classified as Clavien 2. Concerning the need for arterial
clamping, it was carried out in only 52.7% of the interventions, with a median ischemia time of 8 min (IQR