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Page 12 of 13                                      Ohmura et al. Mini-invasive Surg 2019;3:4  I  http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2574-1225.2018.69


               Availability of data and materials
               Not applicable.

               Financial support and sponsorship
               None.

               Conflicts of interest
               All authors declared that there are no conflicts of interest.

               Ethical approval and consent to participate
               All patients gave their written informed consent for laparoscopic operative procedures. This study protocol
               was approved by the institutional ethics committee.


               Consent for publication
               Not applicable.

               Copyright
               © The Author(s) 2019.


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