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Page 243 Huang et al. J Transl Genet Genom 2021;5:240-9 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/jtgg.2021.14

Table 1. Summary of studies about the association between HSD3B1 variants and PCa treated with ADT
Study Medical management No. of Cases No. of Carriers Results Conclusions
Ross et al. [15] , 2008* ADT 529 62 For TTP: The polymorphism in HSD3B1 was associated with time to
HR = 0.58; 95%CI: 0.41-0.81; P = 0.0047 progression during ADT for PCa
[16]
Wu et al. , 2015 ADT 103 18 For incidence of CRPC: Variant HSD3B1 associated higher incidence of CRPC
AC vs. AA: 100% vs. 64.7%; P = 0.003
[17]
Hearn et al. , 2016 ADT 118 74 For PFS: Patients carrying variant HSD3B1 are more likely to fail
CC: HR = 2.4; 95%CI: 1.1-5.3; P = 0.029 with ADT and to have worse survival outcome
AC: HR = 1.7; 95%CI: 1.0-2.9; P = 0.041
For OS:
CC: HR = 3.3; 95%CI: 1.3-8.3; P = 0.013
AC: HR = 2.0; 95%CI: 1.1-3.7; P = 0.036
ADT 137 60 For PFS:
CC: HR = 2.7; 95%CI: 1.2-5.9; P = 0.013
AC: HR = 1.0; 95%CI: 0.7-1.7; P = 0.085
ADT 188 90 For OS:
CC: HR = 2.5; 95%CI: 1.2-5.0; P = 0.013
AC: HR = 1.5; 95%CI: 1.0-2.1; P = 0.036
Agarwal et al. [18] , 2017 ADT 102 52 For PFS: HSD3B1 genotype CC but not AC, was associated with
CC: HR = 2.16; 95%CI: 1.01-4.58; P = 0.046 shorter PFS
AC: HR = 1.04; 95%CI: 0.64-1.07; P = 0.86
[20]
Hearn et al. , 2018 ADT after radiotherapy 218 116 For time to metastasis: Variant HSD3B1 was associated with shorter time to
CC: HR = 2.01; 95%CI: 1.02-3.97; P = 0.045 metastasis but not with death and progression risk
AC: HR = 1.19; 95%CI: 0.74-1.92; P = 0.48
No significant differences in TTP or OS
[19]
Shiota et al. , 2019 ADT 104 9 For PFS: Variant HSD3B1 was associated with shorter PFS but not
CC/AC: HR = 2.34; 95%CI: 1.08-4.49; P = 0.03 with death risk
For OS:
CC/AC: HR = 1.36; 95%CI: 0.52-2.92; P = 0.50
[21]
Hearn et al. , 2020 ADT randomized plus 475 270 For PFS: Variant HAD3B1 was associated with higher risk of
docetaxel In low-volume disease group: progression and death for patients with low-volume
CC/AC: HR = 1.89; 95%CI: 1.13-3.14; P = 0.02 disease, but not with high-volume
In high-volume disease group:
CC/AC: HR = 1.10; 95%CI: 0.82-1.47; P = 0.52
For OS:
In low-volume disease group:
CC/AC: HR = 1.74; 95%CI: 1.01-3.00; P = 0.045
In high-volume disease group:
CC/AC: HR = 0.89; 95%CI: 0.65-1.22; P = 0.48
[23]
Chen et al. , 2020 ADT 101 42 For OS: Variant HSD3B1 was marginally significantly associated
CC/AC vs. AA: 5.0 years vs. 6.5 years; P = 0.052 with shorter OS
*Except for the study by Ross et al. [15] (rs1856888), all other studies investigated the variant rs1047303. ADT: Androgen deprivation therapy; TTP: time to progression; HR: hazard ratio; 95%CI: 95% confidence
interval; CRPC: castrate-resistant prostate cancer; PFS: progression-free survival; OS: overall survival.