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Peiró et al. J Cancer Metastasis Treat 2019;5:49 I http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2394-4722.2018.109 Page 9 of 11

CONCLUSION
In this review, several experimental studies the role of HIF-1α in breast cancer, whether in in vitro or in vivo
models, have been included. HIF-1α has an immense potential both as a target for various breast cancer
treatments and for the prevention and diagnosis of breast cancer. The importance of research with HIF-1α
is undeniable. Because of its wide range and several signaling pathways, it has a huge potential for use in
the treatment, follow-up and diagnosis of breast cancer. Many innovative treatments using chemicals, drugs
and substances exogenous to the body have been employed to better understand the way HIF-1α works in
the organism. Analysis of the different points in the HIF-1α expression cascade is of upmost importance in
order to gain greater knowledge about how to use HIF-1α in favor of the treatment and prevention of breast
cancer and other diseases in which this factor plays an important role.

However, that there is a dearth of studies using HIF-1α directly has been observed, since most of the articles
found used HIF-1α as a complement to confirm the data obtained with other genes/proteins/signaling
pathways, or only as one of the components of the work. It is hoped that in the future more research will be
done using HIF-1α to better understand its function, and new ways of using the knowledge of the functioning
of this transcription factor to our advantage.

DECLARATIONS
Authors’ contributions
Made substantial contributions to conception and design of the study and performed data analysis and
interpretation: Carlos HFP, Glaucia LV, Fernando F, Beatriz CAA
Performed data acquisition, as well as provided administrative, technical, and material support: Carlos HFP,
Jessica AE, Matheus MP, Glauco SAA, Beatriz CAA

Availability of data and materials
Not applicable.

Financial support and sponsorship
This work was supported by FAPESP Grant (2017/03558-3); Fellowship grant CNPq (133505/2018-9) to Carlos
HFP.

Conflicts of interest
All authors declared that there are no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval and consent to participate
Not applicable.

Consent for publication
Not applicable.

Copyright
© The Author(s) 2019.

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