Page 19 - Read Online
P. 19

Fiordoliva et al. J Cancer Metastasis Treat 2019;5:59  I  http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2394-4722.2019.23                        Page 7 of 8

               Availability of data and materials
               Patient’s data were extracted from medical record. All information are available from the corresponding
               author upon request.


               Financial support and sponsorship
               This research received no specific grant from any funding agency.


               Conflicts of interest
               Rossana Berardi has received consulting fees or honoraria from Otsuka (Otsuka Pharmaceutical
               Co., Japan). The other authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research,
               authorship, and/or publication of this article.

               Ethical approval and consent to participate
               Written informed consent for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures was obtained.


               Consent for publication
               Not applicable.

               Copyright
               © The Author(s) 2019.


               REFERENCES
               1.  Torre LA, Bray F, Siegel RL, Ferlay J, Lortet-Tieulent J, et al. Global cancer statistics, 2012. CA Cancer J Clin 2015;65:87-108.
               2.   Humphrey PA, Moch H, Cubilla AL, Ulbright TM, Reuter VE. The 2016 WHO Classification of Tumours of the Urinary System
                   and Male Genital Organs-Part B: Prostate and Bladder Tumours. Eur Urol 2016;70:106-19.
               3.   Hugosson J, Carlsson S, Aus G, Bergdahl S, Khatami A, et al. Mortality results from the Göteborg randomised population-
                   based prostate-cancer screening trial. Lancet Oncol 2010;11:725-32.
               4.   Hong MK, Kong J, Namdarian B, Longano A, Grummet J, et al. Paraneoplastic syndromes in prostate cancer. Nat Rev Urol
                   2010;7:681-92.
               5.   Castillo JJ, Vincent M, Justice E. Diagnosis and management of hyponatremia in cancer patients. Oncologist 2012;17:756-65.
               6.   Grohé C, Berardi R, Runkle I. SIADH: differential diagnosis and clinical management. Endocrine 2017;55:311-9.
               7.   Petereit C, Zaba O, Teber I, Lüders H, Grohé C. A rapid and efficient way tomanage hyponatremia in patients with SIADH and
                   small cell lung cancer: treatment with tolvaptan. BMC Pulm Med 2013;13:55.
               8.   Palmer BF, Gates JR, Lader M. Causes and management of hyponatremia. Ann Pharmacother 2003;37:1694-702.
               9.   Ghali JK. Mechanisms, risks, and new treatment options for hyponatremia. Cardiology 2008;111:147-57.
               10.  Berghmans T, Paesmans M, Body JJ. A prospective study on hyponatraemia in medical cancer patients: epidemiology, etiology
                   and differential diagnosis. Support Care Cancer 2000;8:192-7.
               11.  Waikar SS, Mount DB, Curhan GC. Mortality after hospitalization with mild, moderate, and severe hyponatremia. Am J Med
                   2009;122:857-65.
               12.  Corona G, Giuliani C, Parenti G, Norello D, Verbalis JG, et al. Moderate hyponatremia is associated with increased risk of
                   mortality: evidence from a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2013;8:e80451.
               13.  Boscoe A, Paramore C, Verbalis JG. Cost of illness of hyponatremia in the United States. Cost Eff Resour Alloc 2006;4:10.
               14.  Berardi R, Caramanti M, Castagnani M, Guglielmi S, Marcucci F, et al. Hyponatremia is a predictor of hospital length and cost
                   of stay and outcome in cancer patients. Support Care Cancer 2015;23:3095-101.
               15.  Grohé C, Berardi R, Burst V. Hyponatraemia--SIADH in lung cancer diagnostic and treatment algorithms. Crit Rev Oncol
                   Hematol 2015;96:1-8.
               16.  Hu J, He T, Jin L, Li Y, Zhao Y, et al. Pure small-cell carcinoma of the prostate presenting with increasing prostate-specific
                   antigen levels: A case report and review of the literature. Mol Clin Oncol 2018;9:197-200.
               17.  Wang W, Epstein JI. Small cell carcinoma of the prostate. A morphologic and immunohistochemical study of 95 cases. Am J
                   Surg Pathol 2008; 32:65-71.
               18.  Deorah S, Rao MB, Raman R, Gaitonde K, Donovan JF. Survival of patients with small cell carcinoma of the prostate during
                   1973-2003: a population-based study. BJU Int 2012;109:824-30.
               19.  Yuan TC, Veeramani S, Lin MF. Neuroendocrine-like prostate cancer cells: neuroendocrine transdifferentiation of prostate
                   adenocarcinoma cells. Endocr Relat Cancer 2007;14:531-47.
               20.  Miyoshi Y, Uemura H, Kitami K, Satomi Y, Kubota Y, et al. Neuroendocrine differentiated small cell carcinoma presenting as
   14   15   16   17   18   19   20   21   22   23   24