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Yu et al. Intell Robot 2022;2:180-99  https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/ir.2022.10    Page 194





























                                       Figure 12. The meaning of longitudinal spacing and lateral spacing.







































                                         Figure 13. The robot fish and the school of fish that follows it.

               However, there are numerous challenges that need further work.


               ● Robot fishes are far inferior to fish in terms of swimming performance. Table 4 displays the performance
               parameters of typical robot fishes over the last five years. The maximum swimming speed of robot fishes in
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               Table 4 is currently only 4 BL·s , whereas a fish can easily reach 8 BL·s  with regular swimming . This
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