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Figure 2. Flying ad hoc network routing protocol.

Figure 3. Unmanned aerial vehicle relay communication.

Although these systems have many advantages and benefits, they also present numerous challenges and
perspectives, often due to inadequate or obsolete implementations, without updates or improvements.

3.1. Challenges
Communication networks through UAVs in the context of data communication and distribution present
numerous challenges:

(1) Communication and transmission protocols are limited, due to the protocols currently used in
communication networks and the Internet being obsolete for this new type of network and the way data are
transmitted, with new characteristics.