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Chen et al. Hepatoma Res 2019;5:25 I http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2394-5079.2019.12 Page 7 of 8

More patients with HCC received treatment than those without HCC (Table 1; P < 0.001). This could be
because active viral replication is typically associated with HCC [29,30] . Since the treatment regimens were
complicated, whether anti-HBV therapy decreased the incidence of HCC could not be evaluated in this
study.

We conclude that surveillance for early diagnosis of HCC improved the survival of high-risk HBsAg carriers.
Most HBsAg carriers are low-risk and can be screened using simple parameters, such as periodic AFP and
liver biochemistry tests at 6-12-month intervals. When risk factors appear during this follow-up schedule,
we may then add US, elastography, or other new markers for early diagnosis of HCC in high-risk patients.

DECLARATIONS
Acknowledgments
We would like to thank Uni-edit (www.uni-edit.net) for editing and proofreading this manuscript.

Authors’ contributions
Designed the study and wrote the manuscript: Tai DI
Update treatment data and wrote the manuscript: Chen CJ, Tai DI
Collected and organized data: Tai J

Availability of data and materials
The data source is from Carrier Clinics of Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. Please contact the author through
E-mail for information if necessary.

Financial support and sponsorship
This research was supported by the grant from Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (CMRPG3E1121 and
CIRPG3H0021).

Conflicts of interest
The author declared that there are no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval and consent to participate
Not applicable.

Consent for publication
Not applicable.

Copyright
© The Author(s) 2019.

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