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However, recent advances in automated analyzers have   In the future, a prospective study of a large patient
          resulted in a decline in microscopic observation, so there   population is needed to determine whether HCC with
          is a tendency for Howell-Jolly bodies, which can only   portal hypertension should be treated with simultaneous
          be confirmed visually to be overlooked, and to be less   splenectomy or simultaneous PSE.
          emphasized in clinical settings. Nevertheless, the appearance
          of Howell-Jolly bodies is associated with an increased risk of   Financial support and sponsorship
          PSS/OPSI in patients with reduced splenic function, so the   Nil.
          fact that these bodies were frequently observed in peripheral
          erythrocytes after PSE without any relationship to residual   Confl ict of interest
          spleen volume or the splenic infarction rate emphasizes   There is no conflict of interest.
          the need to visually determine the presence or absence
          of these entities and when they are present to administer     REFERENCES
          pneumococcal vaccine to prevent severe infection.
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