Page 178 - Read Online
P. 178

Page 4 of 11                        Paranaguá-Vezozzo et al. Hepatoma Res 2018;4:11  I  http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2394-5079.2018.17


               Table 1. Descriptive analysis of frequencies and percentages of clinical and laboratory variables of the 93 patients HCV-
               related cirrhosis patients
                                                           Control                Case              P value
                                                           (n = 62)               (n = 31)
                Gender (male), n (%)             40 (64.52)            20 (64.52)             1
                Age (year), median (min-max)     59 (52.25-66.75)      59 (52.5-66)           0.952
                AFP (ng/mL)                      4.95 (2.92-8.3)       10.9 (4.75-45.3)       < 0.001
                Bil (mg/dL)                      1.3 (0.82-2.1)        1.4 (1.05-2)           0.508
                AST (U/L)                        53.5 (39-84)          91 (62.5-117)          0.002
                ALT (U/L)                        47 (30.5-74.5)        70 (55.5-110)          0.002
                GGT (U/L)                        50.5 (34-113)         78 (50.5-188.5)        0.071
                AP (U/L)                         99.5 (80.5-131.75)    111 (79-136)           0.496
                INR                              1.27 (1.16-1.36)      1.24 (1.15-1.53)       0.883
                           3
                               3
                Platelet count (10  × mm )       118.5 (68.75-158)     83.9 (63.75-104.5)     0.02
                Transferin saturation (%)        44 (28-58)            44 (30-61.25)          0.955
                Ferritin (ng/mL)                 78.5 (23-258.5)       325 (140.25-500.5)     0.199
                Albumin (g/dL)                   3.65 (3.37-4)         3.61 (3.32-3.9)        0.302
                Glucose (mg/dL)                  97 (88-130)           99 (87.5-108.5)        0.526
                Fibrinogen (mg/dL)               214 (178-271.5)       157 (126-190)          0.04
                Screening (%)                    59 (95.16)            17 (54.84)             < 0.001
                Ascites (%)                      22 (35.48)            16 (51.61)             0.18
                SBP (%)                          1 (1.61)              1 (3.23)               1
                Variceal bleeding (%)            7 (11.29)             4 (12.9)               1
                Esophageal varices (%)           42 (67.74)            20 (64.52)             0.817
                Encephalopathy (%)               7 (11.29)             4 (12.9)               1
                Abdominal pain (%)               1 (2.44)              0 (0)                  1
                Weight loss (%)                  5 (12.2)              1 (3.23)               0.227
                Child-Pugh A/B/C (%)             44 (70.97)            17 (54.84)             0.139
                                                 17 (27.42)            12 (38.71)
                                                 1 (1.61)              2 (6.45)
                Alcohol consumption (%)          16 (25.81)            8 (25.81)              1
                Alpha-interferon therapy (%)     42 (67.74)            19 (61.29)             0.644
                Treatment response (%)           10 (23.81)            0 (0)                  0.056

               HCV: hepatitis C virus; AFP: alpha feto protein; HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma; Bil: total bilirubin; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; ALT:
               alanine aminotransferase; GGT: gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase; AP: alkaline phosphatase; INR: international normalized ratio; SBP:
               spontaneous bacterial peritonitis


               positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predicted values were calculated based on a HCC yearly prevalence of
                                        [24]
                        [16]
               3% (Brazil)  and 10% (Japan)  and the performance of the model was further analyzed with the bootstrap
                      [25]
               method  with 1000 samples used to estimate the internal validity of performance measures. The R Project
               for Statistical Computing ver. 3.0.2 (R Core Team, Vienna, Austria, 2014) software package was used for
               statistical analyses.


               RESULTS
               We evaluated 93 patients with HCV-related cirrhosis, 31 of which with small HCC and 62 without HCC.
               Table 1 shows the frequencies and percentages of clinical and laboratory variables of the HCC and control
               groups. The median age in both groups was 59 years old, the majority were male, and had preserved liver
               function (Child-Pugh A). No differences between groups could be detected regarding liver related outcomes
               such as ascites (P = 0.18), spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (P = 1.0), esophageal varices (P = 1.0), variceal
               bleeding (P = 1.0) or hepatic encephalopathy (P = 0.817).

               On the other hand, patients with HCC had higher levels of AFP [10.9 (4.75-45.3) vs. 4.95 (2.92-8.3) ng/mL, P
               < 0.001], AST [91 (62.5-117) vs. 53.5 (39-84) U/L, P = 0.002], ALT [70 (55.5-110) vs. 47 (30.5-74.5) U/L, P = 0.002],
               and were less likely to have participated in a screening program (54.84% vs. 95.16%, P < 0.001) than patients
               in the control group. Furthermore, HCC patients had a lower platelet count than their counterparts in the
               control group (83.9 vs. 118.5 × 10³ × mm³, P = 0.02), as shown in Table 1.
   173   174   175   176   177   178   179   180   181   182   183