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Bhatia et al. Hepatoma Res 2018;4:9                              Hepatoma Research
               DOI: 10.20517/2394-5079.2018.04




               Original Article                                                              Open Access


               Lycopene treatment stalls the onset of
               experimentally induced hepatocellular carcinoma:

               a radioisotopic, physiological and biochemical

               analysis


               Nisha Bhatia , Baljinder Singh , Ashwani Koul 1
                          1
                                         2
               1 Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
               2 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh 160012, India.

               Correspondence to: Prof. Ashwani Koul, Department of Biophysics, Basic Medical Sciences (BMS) Block II, South Campus, Sec-
               25, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India. E-mail: drashwanikoul@yahoo.co.in; ashwanik@pu.ac.in

               How to cite this article: Bhatia N, Singh B, Koul A. Lycopene treatment stalls the onset of experimentally induced hepatocellular
               carcinoma: a radioisotopic, physiological and biochemical analysis. Hepatoma Res 2018;4:9. http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2394-
               5079.2018.04
               Received: 24 Jan 2018    First Decision: 24 Feb 2018    Revised: 2 Mar 2018    Accepted: 19 Mar 2018    Published: 27 Mar 2018

               Science Editor: Guang-Wen Cao    Copy Editor: Jun-Yao Li    Production Editor: Cai-Hong Wang



               Abstract
               Aim: The present study was aimed to determine the modulatory role of lycopene enriched tomato extract (LycT) during
               initiation of N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).


               Methods: Female Balb/c mice were divided into 4 groups: control, NDEA (200 mg NDEA/kg b.wt, cumulative dose),
               LycT (5 mg/kg b.wt, thrice a week) and LycT + NDEA. LycT administration was commenced 2 weeks prior to NDEA
               administration in LycT + NDEA group.


               Results: NDEA treatment caused histopathological alterations in hepatic tissue and was associated with enhanced serum
               levels of inflammatory markers, i.e., tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-β. NDEA treatment also induced
               functional alterations in liver as evident by slow  99m Tc-mebrofenin hepatic excretion. LycT administration to NDEA mice
               showed improved hepatic functional status as demonstrated by normal  99m Tc-mebrofenin excretion. NDEA treatment
               also caused alterations in the hematological parameters such as hemoglobin, red blood cells, platelets and total leucocyte
               counts. A significant increase in plasma lipid peroxidation and decrease in reduced glutathione levels with alterations in
               various enzymatic antioxidants were observed upon NDEA treatment. LycT pre-treatment aided in boosting the antioxidant
               defense system and ameliorated the inflammatory and hematological alterations.

                           © The Author(s) 2018. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
                           International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use,
                sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, for any purpose, even commercially, as long
                as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license,
                and indicate if changes were made.


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