Page 157 - Read Online

Nevola et al. Hepatoma Res 2018;4:55 I http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2394-5079.2018.38 Page 21 of 22

2017;110:73-81.
171. Larsson SC, Wolk A. Overweight, obesity and risk of liver cancer: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Br J Cancer 2007;97:1005-8.
172. Raff EJ, Kakati D, Bloomer JR, Shoreibah M, Rasheed K, Singal AK. Diabetes mellitus predicts occurrence of cirrhosis and hepatocellular
cancer in alcoholic liver and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2015;3:9-16.
173. Davila JA, Morgan RO, Shaib Y, McGlynn KA, El-Serag HB. Diabetes increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States: a
population based case control study. Gut 2005;54:533-9.
174. Polesel J, Zucchetto A, Montella M, Dal Maso L, Crispo A, La Vecchia C, Serraino D, Franceschi S, Talamini R. The impact of obesity and
diabetes mellitus on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Oncol 2009;20:353-7.
175. Starley BQ, Calcagno CJ, Harrison SA. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma: a weighty connection. Hepatology
2010;51:1820-32.
176. Adinolfi LE, Rinaldi L, Guerrera B, Restivo L, Marrone A, Giordano M, Zampino R. NAFLD and NASH in HCV infection: prevalence and
significance in hepatic and extrahepatic manifestations. Int J Mol Sci. 2016 May 25;17;pii: E803.
177. Weinmann A, Alt Y, Koch S, Nelles C, Düber C, Lang H, Otto G, Zimmermann T, Marquardt JU, Galle PR, Wörns MA, Schattenberg JM.
Treatment and survival of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis associated hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2015;15:210.
178. Giannini EG, Marabotto E, Savarino V, Trevisani F, di Nolfo MA, Del Poggio P, Benvegnù L, Farinati F, Zoli M, Borzio F, Caturelli E,
Chiaramonte M; Italian Liver Cancer (ITALICA) Group. Hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis. Clin Gastroenterol
Hepatol 2009;7:580-5.
179. White DL, Kanwal F, El-Serag HB. Association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and risk for hepatocellular cancer, based on
systematic review. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2012;10:1342-1359.e2.
180. Singal AG, Yopp AC, Gupta S, Skinner CS, Halm EA, Okolo E, Nehra M, Lee WM, Marrero JA, Tiro JA. Failure rates in the hepatocellular
carcinoma surveillance process. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2012;5:1124-30.
181. Younes R, Bugianesi E. Should we undertake surveillance for HCC in patients with NAFLD? J Hepatol 2018 Feb;68:326-334.
182. Uppot RN, Sahani DV, Hahn PF, Gervais D, Mueller PR. Impact of obesity on medical imaging and image-guided intervention. AJR Am J
Roentgenol 2007;188:433-40.
183. Singal AG, Manjunath H, Yopp AC, Beg MS, Marrero JA, Gopal P, Waljee AK. The effect of PNPLA3 on fibrosis progression and
development of hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol 2014;109:325-34.
184. Gangarapu V, Yildiz K, Ince AT, Baysal B. Role of gut microbiota: obesity and NAFLD. Turk J Gastroenterol 2014;25:133-40.
185. Borrelli A, Bonelli P, Tuccillo FM, Goldfine ID, Evans JL, Buonaguro FM, Mancini A. Role of gut microbiota and oxidative stress in
the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease to hepatocarcinoma: current and innovative therapeutic approaches. Redox Biol
2018;15:467-79.
186. Yang S, Lin HZ, Hwang J, Chacko VP, Diehl AM. Hepatic hyperplasia in noncirrhotic fatty livers: is obesity-related hepatic steatosis a
premalignant condition? Cancer Res 2001;61:5016-23.
187. El-Serag HB, Hampel H, Javadi F. The association between diabetes and hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review of epidemiologic
evidence. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006;4:369-80.
188. Tilg H, Moschen AR. Evolution of inflammation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: the multiple parallel hits hypothesis. Hepatology
2010;52:1836-46.
189. Takaki A, Kawai D, Yamamoto K. Multiple hits, including oxidative stress, as pathogenesis and treatment target in non-alcoholic
steatohepatitis (NASH). Int J Mol Sci 2013;14:20704-28.
190. Lonardo A, Nascimbeni F, Maurantonio M, Marrazzo A, Rinaldi L, Adinolfi LE. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: evolving paradigms.
World J Gastroenterol 2017;23:6571-92.
191. Perumpail RB, Liu A, Wong RJ, Ahmed A, Harrison SA. Pathogenesis of hepatocarcinogenesis in non-cirrhotic nonalcoholic fatty liver
disease: Potential mechanistic pathways. World J Hepatol 2015;7:2384-8.
192. Stickel F, Hellerbrand C. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease as a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma: mechanisms and implications. Gut
2010;59:1303-7.
193. Gu J, Yao M, Yao D, Wang L, Yang X, Yao D. Nonalcoholic lipid accumulation and hepatocyte malignant transformation. J Clin Transl
Hepatol 2016;4:123-30.
194. Page JM, Harrison SA. NASH and HCC. Clin Liver Dis 2009;13:631-47.
195. Vinciguerra M, Sgroi A, Veyrat-Durebex C, Rubbia-Brandt L, Buhler LH, Foti M. Unsaturated fatty acids inhibit the expression of tumor
suppressor phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) via microRNA-21 up-regulation in hepatocytes. Hepatology 2009;49:1176-84.
196. Hu W, Feng Z, Eveleigh J, Iyer G, Pan J, Amin S, Chung FL, Tang MS. The major lipid peroxidation product, trans-4-hydroxy-2-
nonenal, preferentially forms DNA adducts at codon 249 of human p53 gene, a unique mutational hotspot in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Carcinogenesis 2002;23:1781-9.
197. Angulo P, Alba LM, Petrovic LM, Adams LA, Lindor KD, Jensen MD. Leptin, insulin resistance, and liver fibrosis in human nonalcoholic
fatty liver disease. J Hepatol 2004;41:943-9.
198. Fenton JI, Hursting SD, Perkins SN, Hord NG. Interleukin-6 production induced by leptin treatment promotes cell proliferation in an Apc
(Min/+) colon epithelial cell line. Carcinogenesis. 2006;27:1507-15.
199. Saxena NK, Sharma D, Ding X, Lin S, Marra F, Merlin D, Anania FA. Concomitant activation of the JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT, and ERK
signaling is involved in leptin-mediated promotion of invasion and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Cancer Res 2007;67:2497-
507.
200. Watanabe N, Takai K, Imai K, Shimizu M, Naiki T, Nagaki M, Moriwaki H. Increased levels of serum leptin are a risk factor for the
recurrence of stage I/II hepatocellular carcinoma after curative treatment. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2011;49:153-8.
201. Jiang CM, Pu CW, Hou YH, Chen Z, Alanazy M, Hebbard L. Non alcoholic steatohepatitis a precursor for hepatocellulae carcinoma
developmant. World J Gastroenterol 2014 28;20:16464-73.