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Thonglert et al. Hepatoma Res 2023;9:40     https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2394-5079.2023.47                                                                                      Page 7 of 23



                                                                                                                      Cirrhosis: N/A
                                                                                                                      Prior treatment: surgery
                                                                                                                      35.7%
                                                                                                                      Disease status:
                                                                                                                      unresectable: 64.3%;
                                                                                                                      recurrent tumor after
                                                                                                                      surgery: 35.7%
                                      [36]                                                                                                                              +
                          Ohkawa et al.        2015 Retrospective   Japan     iCCA 20        Treatment volume         Age: median: 74 (range 55- 20.8 mo      1-yr LC 88%       Median OS 27.5  Acute G3: bone
                                                                                                                          +                                              +        +
                                                     study                    (curative: 12,   - GTV = primary tumor    82)                     (range, 8.6-  2-yr LC 60%       m                marrow suppression 1
                                                                                                                                      +               +                  +                  +
                                                                              palliative:8)  - CTV = GTV + (5-10) mm   Sex: male: 58.3%         62.6)         3-yr LC 60%       1-yr OS 82%      Late G3: biliary tract
                                                                                                                                         +                                                  +
                                                                                             - PTV = CTV + (5-10) mm   Location: iCCA 100%                                      2-yr OS 61%      infection 2 (No G4+)
                                                                                                                                        +                                                   +
                                                                                             Dose: near GI tract 60-77   Solitary lesion: 75%                                   3-yr OS 38%
                                                                                             GyE in 30-35 F;          Tumor size: < 5 cm: 50%;
                                                                                             central tumor 72.6-79.2   5.1-9.9 cm: 41.6%; ≥ 10 cm
                                                                                                                           +
                                                                                             GyE in 16-22 F; others 55-  8.3%
                                                                                                                                    +
                                                                                             60 GyE in 10 F; median   Metastasis: 0%
                                                                                                                                   +
                                                                                             dose 72.6 GyE in 22 F    Cirrhosis: N/A
                                                                                                                                         +
                                                                                             Technique: double        Prior treatment: N/A
                                                                                             scattering
                                      [37]                                                                                                                               +
                          Shimizu et al.       2019 Retrospective   Japan     iCCA 37 (25    Treatment volume         Age: median 72 yr (44-82   37.5 mo      1-yr LC 100%      Median OS 25     Acute G3+: 0
                                                                                                                         +                                                +       +
                                                     study                    curatives, 12   - GTV = gross tumor     yr)                                     2-yr LC 71.5%     m                Late G3 biliary tract
                                                                                                                                    +                                                        +
                                                                              palliatives)   - CTV = GTV + (5-10) mm   Sex: male  68%                                           1-yr OS 66.3%   infection = 3*
                                                                                                                                        +                                                     +
                                                                                             - PTV = CTV + (5-10) mm   Solitary lesion: 88%                                     2-yr OS 52.4%    Link to PBT unclear
                                                                                             Dose:                    Tumor size: median 4.4 cm
                                                                                                                                    +
                                                                                             within 2 cm from the GI   (range, 1.5-14)
                                                                                                                                     +
                                                                                             tract 74 GyE in 37 F;     Metastasis: 12%
                                                                                                                                       +
                                                                                             central tumor 72.6 GyE in   CP: A 80%; B 20%
                                                                                                                                         +
                                                                                             22 F; others 66 GyE in 10 F   Prior treatment: N/A
                                                                                             Technique: double
                                                                                             scattering
                                    [38]
                          Hung et al.          2020 Retrospective   Taiwan    30 (iCCA 18)   Treatment volume         Age: median 69  yr (range   16 mo (range  1-yr LC 88%     Median OS 19.3  G3 dermatitis 2 (6.7%)
                                                     study                                   GTV = gross tumor + gross  49-88)                  3-36 mo)                        mo               G3-4 duodenal/gastric
                                                                                             LN                       Sex: male 50%                                             1 yr OS 83%      ulcer 3 (10%)
                                                                                             CTV = (GTV + 5 mm) +     Location: iCCA 60%; eCCA                                  2 yr OS 32%      No grade 5 toxicity
                                                                                             (bile duct + 5-10 mm)    30%; GB 10%                                                                RILD 2 (6.7%)
                                                                                             Dose: 72.6 GyE in 22 F or   Solitary lesion: 83.3%
                                                                                             66 GyE in 10; median     Tumor size: 7 cm (range
                                                                                             BED10 96.5 GyE (range    3.4-17.5 cm)
                                                                                             52.7-109.6 GyE)          Metastasis: 6.7%
                                                                                             Technique: PS            Cirrhosis: 6.7%
                                                                                                                      Recurrent disease 16.7%
                                                                                                                      Prior treatment: surgery
                                                                                                                      6.7%; radiotherapy 10%;
                                                                                                                      induction CT 56.7%
                                  [39]
                          Kim et al.           2022 Retrospective   Korea     iCCA 47        Treatment volume         Age: median 67 (45-83)    18.3 mo       1-yr LC 91.7%     Median OS 21.9  G3 toxicity: BC
                                                     study                                   - GTV = gross tumor      Sex: male 68.1%           (range 2.4-   2-yr LC 86.9%     mo               decrease: 2 (4.3%)
                                                                                             - ITV = GTV + movement   Solitary lesion: N/A      89.9 mo)      EQD2  ≥ 80 vs. <   1 yr OS 63.8%   ilirubin increase 2
                                                                                                                                                                   10
                                                                                             of GTV                   Tumor size: median 5.2 cm               80 GyE 2-yr LC    2 yr OS 42.7%    (4.3%)
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