Page 87 - Read Online

Page 4 of 8 Liu et al. Carbon Footprints 2024;3:20 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/cf.2024.27

emerging industries such as artificial intelligence and biomedicine while laying the groundwork for future
[8]
industries like brain-inspired intelligence, 6G networks, and quantum technology . The intelligent
evolution of these industries, combined with the continuous improvement of residents' quality of life, is
expected to exert considerable pressure on energy consumption and carbon emissions. Maintaining the
smooth operation of a megacity while actively and steadily transforming its development model presents a
formidable challenge for urban planners and managers.

To promote the development of a green and low-carbon supply chain, Shanghai became the first city in
China to introduce the “Shanghai Municipality Accelerates the Establishment of Product Carbon Footprint
Management System to Create Green and Low-Carbon Supply Chain Action Program”. This program
specifies key initiatives, such as building a product carbon footprint management system, expanding the
application scenarios of product carbon footprints, and promoting the green and low-carbon
transformation of critical supply chain processes. Currently, efforts are underway to develop product carbon
footprint accounting rules aligned with international standards, create a representative product carbon
footprint database for key industries, launch pilot programs for product carbon footprint labeling and
certification, enhance green financial service platforms, and provide comprehensive services and support for
green and low-carbon supply chains. In addition, Shanghai actively supports key industry leaders in
forming the Green and Low Carbon Supply Chains Alliance (CN100). This alliance, comprising 31
prominent companies such as Baowu, China Motor Bus, China National Energy Corporation, Siemens,
Tesla, BASF, Vision Energy, Ningde Times, and Shanghai Electric, aims to collaboratively improve supplier
management and promote the green and low-carbon transformation of supply chains. For example, in the
iron and steel sector, Baowu Group drives sustainability across its network of 280,000 upstream and
downstream enterprises. At its Shanghai base, Baowu is improving energy efficiency in key processes to
meet benchmark standards, utilizing residual heat and energy, and upgrading energy-saving and carbon-
reduction measures in production processes and energy-intensive equipment. The company aims to achieve
annual energy savings of 1%. Baosteel is working toward meeting the national requirement of a 10% scrap
steel recycling rate while gradually transitioning to a short-process electric furnace steelmaking system,
retaining some long-process lines to ensure supply during the transition. In the automotive field, SAIC
Group and Tesla directly influence more than 1,100 parts and component suppliers. In the textile industry,
Dongfang International plays a leading role, driving sustainability efforts across raw materials, intermediate
processing and related stages. The company is strengthening the carbon footprint background database and
advancing research and development for accounting models specific to basic raw materials. Additionally, it
is developing regional electricity carbon footprint accounting models. Key measures include enabling
carbon footprint self-declaration or third-party evaluation and certification, introducing carbon footprint
labels on product packaging or manuals, and creating a centralized platform for product carbon footprint
disclosure to enhance the transparency of carbon footprint information. Furthermore, Dongfang
International is establishing a life cycle unit process database that aligns with both China's specific
conditions and international standards. The Shanghai carbon market, officially launched in 2013, now
includes 378 enterprises across 28 industries such as iron and steel, petrochemicals, chemicals, automobiles,
aviation, and water transportation. As of June 2024, the Shanghai carbon market spot transactions
(including auctions) had reached 249 million tons, with a total turnover of 4.609 billion yuan. In 2022, the
total energy consumption of Shanghai’s transportation sector was approximately 19.02 million tons of
standard coal, reflecting a year-on-year reduction of about 19%. To address pollution from ships, Shanghai
has issued the “Regulations on Prevention and Control of Pollution from Ships in Shanghai”, achieving a
97.78% disposal rate for oil sewage, domestic garbage, and wastewater from inland waters in 2022. The
operation of the Shanghai carbon market has demonstrated significant progress in emission reduction by
actively engaging government entities, enterprises, industry organizations, and technical service institutions.
It has supported the development and expansion of professional institutions and social organizations