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Page 6 of 18 Cylinder et al. Plast Aesthet Res 2020;7:58 I http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2347-9264.2020.85

Management loss NR NR NR NR N/A NR NR Healing by secondary intention (2) Debridement and VAC therapy + skin grafting (1)

Flap location NR NR ulnar portion N/A Distal tip necrosis NR Tip necrosis (2), Distal flap loss (1)

Partial flap loss complication complication necrosis of partial flap rate (%) 1/5 (20%) 8/24 (33.3%) 6/56 overall Distal (10.7%); 6/28 TWT (21.4%); (0%) 1/22 (4.5%) Tip 0/7 (0%) 2/56 (3.6%) (7.5%) 3/19 (15.8%)

Complete flap loss rate (%) 2/5 (40%) 4/24 (16.6%) 1/56 overall (1.8%); 1/28 TWT (3.6%); 0/28 prefab 0/28 prefab (0%) 0/22 (0%) 0/7 (0%) 3/56 (5.4%) 1/40 (2.5%) 3/40 2/19 (10.5%)

Flap take back rate 1 take back for arterial compromise, contralateral
Table 1. Overall literature review results including all studies that included results for partial flap loss in either RFFFP or ALT phalloplasty
NR NR NR NR NR went to DIEA NR NR
Glansplasty timing NR NR NR 2-3 weeks later 2 months later Delayed Immediate

Flap design TWT Hinged, TWT, free flap TWT (28); prefabrication of neourethra with tubed vaginal mucosa graft (28) Prefabrication of neourethra with tubed vaginal mucosa graft ALT shaft, periclitorideal cutaneous neourethra TWT Osteocutaneous Immediate TWT Prelaminated neourethra, Osteocutaneous RFFF

Type of flap (n) RFFF (5) SIEA (15), Rectus abdominus (4), RFFF (6) RFFF (56) RFFF (22) ALT (6), suprapubic (1) RFFF (56) RFFF (40) RFFF (19)

Smoking NR NR NR NR 5/7 (71%) NR NR NR

Mean age NR 33 NR NR NR 30 34 NR

No. ALT 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0

No. RFFFP
5 6 56 22 0 56 40 19
Total # patients

24 56 22 56 40 19
5 7
Dates collected 1983- 1985 1984-1991 1988 - April 1993 Jul 1994 - Dec 1996 2003 - 2004 1986- 2002 1991- 2005 1999- 2009

Institution West Middlesex University Hospital Free University Amsterdam Veterans General Hospital, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei Azienda Ospedaliera ‘S. Camillo- Forlanini,’ Rome University of Lyon Dong-A University, Korea Singapore General Hospital

Authors, years Matti et al. [25] , 1988 Hage et al. [21] , 1993 Fang et al. [19] , 1994 Fang et al. [18] , 1999 Felici et al. [20] , 2006 Leriche et al. [24] , 2008 Kim et al. [22] , 2009 Song et al. [27] , 2011