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Yakovleva et al. Microbiome Res Rep 2024;3:19 Microbiome Research
DOI: 10.20517/mrr.2023.56
Reports

Original Article Open Access

Salt concentration in substrate modulates the
composition of bacterial and yeast microbiomes of

Drosophila melanogaster

3
1
Ekaterina Yakovleva 1 , Irina Danilova , Irina Maximova 2 , Alexander Shabaev , Anastasia Dmitrieva, 1
4
1
1,4
Andrey Belov 2 , Alexandra Klyukina , Ksenia Perfilieva , Elizaveta Bonch-Osmolovskaya , Alexander
Markov 1,5
1
Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia.
2
Faculty of Soil Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia.
3
A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia.
4
Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
117312, Russia.
5
Borisyak Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia.
Correspondence to: Dr. Ekaterina Yakovleva, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory, 1, bldg.
12, Moscow 119991, Russia. E-mail: e.u.yakovleva@gmail.com
How to cite this article: Yakovleva E, Danilova I, Maximova I, Shabaev A, Dmitrieva A, Belov A, Klyukina A, Perfilieva K, Bonch-
Osmolovskaya E, Markov A. Salt concentration in substrate modulates the composition of bacterial and yeast microbiomes of
Drosophila melanogaster. Microbiome Res Rep 2024;3:19. https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/mrr.2023.56
Received: 30 Sep 2023 First Decision: 4 Feb 2024 Revised: 10 Feb 2024 Accepted: 26 Feb 2024 Published: 28 Feb 2024

Academic Editor: Emma Allen-Vercoe Copy Editor: Pei-Yun Wang Production Editor: Pei-Yun Wang

Abstract
Aim: Microbiomes influence the physiology and behavior of multicellular organisms and contribute to their
adaptation to changing environmental conditions. However, yeast and bacterial microbiota have usually been
studied separately; therefore, the interaction between bacterial and yeast communities in the gut of Drosophila
melanogaster (D. melanogaster) is often overlooked. In this study, we investigate the correlation between bacterial
and yeast communities in the gut of D. melanogaster.

Methods: We studied the shifts in the joint microbiome of Drosophila melanogaster, encompassing both yeasts and
bacteria, during adaptation to substrate with varying salt concentrations (0%, 2%, 4%, and 7%) using plating for
both yeasts and bacteria and NGS-sequencing of variable 16S rRNA gene regions for bacteria.

Results: The microbiome of flies and their substrates was gradually altered at moderate NaCl concentrations (2%
and 4% compared with the 0% control) and completely transformed at high salt concentrations (7%). The relative

© The Author(s) 2024. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
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adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, for any purpose, even commercially, as
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