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Jahansouz et al. Mini-invasive Surg 2021;5:1 I http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2574-1225.2020.82 Page 7 of 13

Follow Up not recorded 11.4 months 188 (± 209) days 11.5 (0.3- 33.3) months da Vinci:6 months; Flex not recorded not recorded not recorded median 9.6 months median 23.6 (4-45) months

Recurrence (n) not recorded 0 not recorded 3 (5.5%) da Vinci: months; Flex: not recorded not recorded not recorded 0 1 (4%)

Conversions/ Complications 1 conversion to TAMIS; 2 complications (13%) 1 requiring diagnostic laparoscopy to eval perforation; 2 (22%) complications 0 conversions; 1 (3%) complication 0 conversions; 6 discharged POD (10.3%) complications da Vinci: 4 conversions and 1 complication;Flex: 0 at 6 1 case aborted median 4 (± 12) 0 conversions; 1 (5%) complication complication 0 conversions and 0 complications 0 conversions and 0

Length of Stay (days) median 1.3 (0- 4) 0.8 1.8 (± 0.83) 52 (89.7%) 0; 6 (10.3%) discharged POD 1 not recorded h 1 (8 on POD 1, 2 0 conversions; 1 on POD 2, 1 on POD 4) median 3 (1-10) 4.6 (3-11)

Margins Positive (n) 2 (13%) 1 (11%) 1 (3%) 3 (5.2%), one fragmented da Vinci: 1 fragmented 1 (5.3%) 2 (8.7%) 0

Defect Closure 13 (87%) 56% 100% 100% 100% in both 100% 6/11 (56%), 1 (11%) only full thickness defects median 2.5 100% median 2.4 100%

Distance from Tumor Size (cm) 5.3 (0.5- 21) cm 2 2.8 (0.9- 5.7) 2.6 (± 1.1) 3.3 (1.3- 8.2) not recorded 17 (3.2- 28.4) cm 2 3.6 (2.0- 6.0) (1.1-4.5) (1.0-5.2)

Tumor AV (cm) median 8 (3- 10) 8.6 (±3.6) from dentate line da Vinci: 11.1 (± 3.8); Flex 9.58 (± 3.6) 8.2 (± 2.1) 7.5 (3-14) median 5 (2- 8) 5.9 (3.5-12.0)

Operative Time (min)/Platform median 108 (40- 180)/da Vinci Si 124/da Vinci S or 6.6 (3-11) Si 100 (± 70)/da Vinci Xi 66.2 (17-180)/da 8.8 (4-14) Vinci Si (40) or Xi (18) da Vinci Si: 167 (± 84.2); Flex Colorectal Drive: 110.1 (± 39.9) 100 (± 22)/da Vinci Si or Xi 64 (40-100)/da Vinci Xi median 107 (15- 220)/da Vinci Si (19) or Xi (2) 129.6 (60.0- 240.0)/da Vinci Si (7) or Xi (17)

Table 2. Outcomes of selected cases following robotic TAMIS
Indications (Pathology) 6 benign, 4 6 benign, 3 malignant 22 benign, 7 malignant, 4 others 18 benign, 28 malignant, 12 others da Vinci: 3 benign, 5 malignant, 1 other Flex: 4 benign, 6 malignant, 1 other 14 benign, 5 malignant 5 benign, 6 malignant 8 benign, 13 malignancy, 2other 3 benign, 15 malignant, 6 others

Patients (n)/ Positioning 16 (15 successful)/prone cancer, 5 scar or left lateral decubitus GelPOINT 9/modified dorsal lithotomy GelPOINT 34 (32 lithotomy, 2 prone) GelPOINT 58 (5 lithotomy, 45 lateral, 8 prone) 10 da Vinci® Si; 11 GelPOINT Flex® Colorectal Drive/Prone jackknife or high lithotomy GelPOINT 19/16 prone, 3 lithotomies GelPOINT 11/all lithotomy

Transanal Port Hompes et al. [35] , Transanal Glove Path Path SILS and Path Path GelPOINT 23/prone Path GelPOINT 24/lithotomy Path Mean unless otherwise stated in column header

Author, Publication Br J Surg 2014 Atallah et al. [31] , Tech Coloproctol 2015 Liu et al. [36] , Surg Endosc 2018 Path Tomassi et al. [8] , DCR 2019 Paull et al. [32] , J Robot Surg 2019 Lee et al. [23] , Surg Endosc 2019 Path Baker et al. [33] , Colorectal Dis 2020 Huang et al. [37] , Asian J Surg 2020 Yao et al. [34] , Surg Inn 2020