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O’Grady et al. Mini-invasive Surg 2022;6:34 https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2574-1225.2022.22 Page 3 of 7

Figure 1. Representative images of small bowel video capsule passing from terminal ileum through the ileo-caecal valve and into the
caecum.

management based on VCE findings. Approval for this study was granted by the Cork university-affiliated
hospital’s clinical ethics review board.

All referrals for capsule endoscopy to our unit are screened by an experienced capsule endoscopist and
laboratory scientist to ensure accurate indication, patient suitability, and safety. All patients with suspected
inflammatory bowel disease have prior magnetic resonance enterography performed as standard care, for
example, and those with increased risk for stricturing luminal disease undergo luminal patency capsule
testing prior to VCE. Appropriate patients then proceed to video capsule endoscopy.

Clear instructions for bowel preparation are sent to patients prior to attending for capsule ingestion. The
day prior to the capsule study, patients consume clear liquids only in addition to the bowel preparation
regime and fully fast for 12 h prior to the study. On the day of the study, the patient’s history is revisited to
ensure accuracy and compliance with pre-procedure protocol is confirmed. All procedures are carried out
following current health service executive guidelines on hand hygiene and the use of personal protective
equipment. The device recording equipment is then fitted to the patient. The capsule, once inspected to