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Table 1. Summary of studies on pancreaticoduodenectomy for gastric cancer

Blood Operation Overall P value
Authors Patients Morbidity Mortality loss time Overall P value Subset analysis survival by
(n) (mL) (min) survival by subset subset
analysis analysis
Yonemura et al. [8] PD = 26 23%* 0% 1600 288 NR NR Duodenal inv. PD vs. non- NR NS
cases only PD
Non-PD 3%* 3% 1200 216 NR pN3 cases PD vs. non- 33% < 0.05
= 63 only PD vs. 17%
(5-year)
Pancreatic inv. PD vs. non- 55% vs. 0% < 0.01
cases only PD (5-year)
Stage IV PD vs. non- 44% vs. 20% < 0.05
cases only PD (5-year)
Hirose et al. [9] PD = 10 70% 0% 1402 580 40% NS pSI cases only PD vs. non- 19 vs. 9 0.0478**
(5-year) PD months
(MST)
Non-PD 32% 0% 563 330 45% pN3 cases PD vs. non- 19 vs 20 NS
= 69 (5-year) only PD months
(MST)
Ajisaka et al. [10] PD = 22 NR NR NR NR 35% NS Length of < 30 mm vs. 21.2% vs. NS
(5-year) duodenal inv. ≥ 30 mm 26%
(5-year)
a
Non-PD NR NR NR NR 16% Duodenal inv. Mucosal 28% vs. 9.2% 0.058 ,
b
= 47 (5-year) type type vs. vs. 0% < 0.001 ,
submucosal (5-year) 0.304 c
type vs.
nodal type
R0 cases only PD vs. 37.3% vs. NS
non-PD 33.8% (5-
year)
Saka et al. [11] PD = 23 74% 0% 1600 480 34% R0 vs. R1/2 R0 vs. R1/2 47.4% vs. 0% 0.035
(5-year) (5-year)
Non-PD NR NR NR NR 28%
= 45 (5-year)
Lee et al. [12] PD = 25 32% 0% NR 349.5 15.8% NR NR
(5-year)
Chan et al. [13] PD = 7 43% 0% 600 480 60% NR NR
(5-year)
Nunobe et al. [14] PD with 13%* 13% 1700 535 7.7% 0.014 Pancreatic inv. Tumor inv. NR 0.324
≥7 LN = (5-year) pattern vs. lymph
23 node inv.
PD with 12.5%* 12.50% 1731 499 50% Tumor inv. ≥ 7 LN vs. ≤ NR 0.692
≤ 6 LN = (5-year) cases only 6 LN
8
Lymph inv. ≥ 7 LN vs. ≤ NR < 0.001
cases only 6 LN
Wang et al. [15] PD = 17 71% 0% NR NR 34% 0.0064 NR
(3-year)
Non-PD NR NR NR NR 6%
= 36 (3-year)
Min et al. [16] PD = 9 22% 11.10% NR 420 0% 0.013 NR
(5-year)
Non-PD 31% 0% NR 254 27.4%
= 58 (5-year)
Ryu et al. [17] PD = 16 31.3% 6.30% NR NR 12.5% NR R0 vs. R1/2 R0 vs. R1/2 15.4% vs. 0% 0.458
(5-year) (5-year)
Postoperative Chemo vs. 22.2% vs. 0% < 0.01
chemo no-chemo (5-year)
Present study PD = 24 87.5% $ 8.3% 1218 449 27.5% NR R0 vs. R1 R0 vs. R1 38.8% vs. 0% 0.078
(5-year) (5-year)
R0 cases only Pancreatic 54.5% vs. 0% 0.048
inv. vs. (5-year)
duodenal
inv.
diff. vs. 68.6% vs. 0% 0.004
undiff. (5-year)
*Pancreatic fistula only; **by Wilcoxon test; mucosal vs. submucosal type; mucosal vs. nodal type; submcosal vs. nodal type; Clavien-
$
a
b
c
Dindo Grade II or more. PD: pancreaticoduodenectomy; NR: not reported; LN: lymph node metastasis; NS: not significant; MST: median
survival time; OS: overall survival; inv.: invasion; chemo: chemotherapy; diff.: differentiated adenocarcinoma; undiff.: undifferentiated
adenocarcinoma