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de Silva. Intell Robot 2021;1(1):3-17     https://dx.doi.org/10.20517/ir.2021.01                                                                    Page 6



































                Figure 1. An autonomous naval multi-sensor module that monitors and maps the quality of water. (A) Components of the Unmanned
                Naval Vehicle; (B) Multi-module deployment in Vancouver; (C) Deployment in a river in India.


























                                      Figure 2. An unmanned aerial vehicle that is used in our laboratory.

               3. SHORTCOMINGS AND NEEDS
               What the engineers and technologists reasonably expect in Robotics has not been realized yet. The common
               capabilities of the existing robots include navigation with obstacle avoidance (SLAM - Simultaneous
               Localization and Mapping), visual and verbal communication with humans, operation of some appliances,
               grasping and carrying of objects (including conformable grasping and tactile sensing), multi-robot
               cooperation, and haptic teleoperation (with force feedback). However, some obvious shortcomings of
               today’s robots include poor human-like interaction (and poor interaction with humans), slow speed, poor
               dexterity, and the sequential nature in grasping and handling of objects (e.g., the robotic hand slowly moves
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