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Lee et al. Hepatoma Res 2020;6:21 I http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2394-5079.2019.44 Page 5 of 8

Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program in the United States, collectively are most likely to
show definitive evidence on the risk of HCC occurrence and recurrence after DAA with SVR.

Nevertheless, the risk of HCC in chronic hepatitis C patients with advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis remains
after DAAs with SVR. The concerns of DAA-associated de novo HCC and its recurrence in HCV patients
warrant further investigation. Clinical parameters and/or potential molecular biomarkers in the near future
may enable better identification of HCC in high-risk HCV patients treated by DAAs with SVR. Thus, this
subset of patients will benefit from proper surveillance, early detection, and intervention of HCC.

DECLARATIONS
Authors’ contributions
Study concept and design, literature search, drafting of the manuscript: Lee TP
Administrative support: Bernstein D

Availability of data and materials
Not applicable.

Financial support and sponsorship
None.

Conflicts of interest
All authors declared that there are no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval and consent to participate
Not applicable.

Consent for publication
Not applicable.

Copyright
© The Author(s) 2020.

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