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Special Topic Introduction

The management of liver cancer has undergone profound changes with the development
of systemic therapies such as targeted agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors,
alongside significant advances in locoregional treatments, including ablation,
transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy
(HAIC), selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT), and radiotherapy. Emerging
evidence suggests that combining locoregional and systemic therapies may achieve
synergistic antitumor effects, prolong survival, and improve patient outcomes.
Nevertheless, challenges remain in understanding the biological mechanisms underlying
treatment synergy, optimizing combination strategies, and identifying predictive
biomarkers. This Special Issue seeks to comprehensively explore the mechanistic
rationale, clinical applications, treatment sequencing, and real-world experiences
of combining locoregional and systemic therapies in liver cancer, with the goal
of informing future therapeutic innovations and enhancing the multidisciplinary
management of this complex disease.

Topics
1. Mechanistic Basis forCombining Locoregional and Systemic Therapies in Liver
Cancer;
2. Immunomodulatory Effects of Locoregional Therapies in Liver CancerTreatment;
3. Optimization ofthe Timing and Sequencing of Locoregional and Systemic Therapies;
4. Clinical Evidence for TACE Plus Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors;
5. HAIC Combined with Targeted Therapies or Immunotherapies: Current Status and
Future Directions;
6. Ablation and Immunotherapy: A New Paradigm forEarly-Stage Liver Cancer;
7. SIRTCombined with Systemic Therapies;
8. Radiotherapy Synergizing with Immune and Targeted Therapies in Liver Cancer;
9. R e a l -Wo r l d D a t a a n d C ha l l e n g e s i n C o m b i n e d L o c o r e g i o n a l -
SystemicTreatmentStrategies;
10. Patient Selection Criteria for Combined Approaches in Intermediate-and Advanced-
StageLiver Cancer;
11. Biomarkers Predicting Response to Locoregional-Systemic Combination Therapies;
12. Management of Adverse Events in Combined Locoregional and Systemic
Treatments;
13. Future Directions: Emerging Agents and Innovative Combination Strategies;
14. Impact of Combined Therapies on Post-Treatment Liver Function and Long-Term
Outcomes;
15. DesignofClinical Trials for Locoregional and Systemic Combination Therapies in
Liver Cancer.