Cancers doi: 10.20517/eceh.2026.04

Authors: Ping Zhang,Hongzhe Chen,Kunning Lin,Jinling Pang,Shuyuan Huang,Yuanbiao Zhang

Emerging contaminants (ECs), with continuously expanding list, exert a significant impact on the environment and are increasingly becoming a subject of environmental litigation. They present various challenges to the environmental damage assessment processes involved in such litigation. Based on several typical cases, this work identifies the challenges encountered at each stage of environmental damage assessment and proposes potential strategies to address them. The strategies are categorized into four types: (i) conducting fundamental research to produce accurate data and establish background knowledge regarding sources and potential targets; (ii) sharing publicly recognized datasets, models, and other information, with regular updates; (iii) standardizing advanced technical methods, including the screening, identification, and quantification of ECs in the environment; and (iv) providing specific regulations and financial support for typical case studies while facilitating information sharing.

Cancers doi: 10.20517/eceh.2025.22

Authors: Barkha Sharma,Sarla Kumari,Chandra Mohan,Noushi Zaidi

This review examines eco-friendly strategies for the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds through the application of green chemistry principles. Traditional synthetic routes often rely on hazardous reagents, toxic solvents, and energy-intensive processes, leading to environmental and safety concerns. In contrast, green approaches emphasize mild reaction conditions, non-toxic catalysts, renewable feedstocks, and energy-efficient techniques to reduce waste and enhance sustainability. Key methods discussed include catalysis, solvent-free and green solvent systems, biocatalysis, and the use of biomass-derived starting materials. The review also highlights applications of green heterocyclic synthesis in pharmaceuticals, materials science, and environmental remediation. By integrating these sustainable strategies, heterocyclic chemistry can advance toward safer, more efficient, and environmentally responsible production, providing a roadmap for future research and industrial practice.